{"id":72726,"date":"2022-09-18T17:48:05","date_gmt":"2022-09-18T17:48:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nova.museum-mb.si\/?post_type=razstave&p=72726"},"modified":"2022-10-28T11:39:42","modified_gmt":"2022-10-28T10:39:42","slug":"isteni-latogatasok","status":"publish","type":"razstave","link":"https:\/\/museum-mb.si\/hu\/razstave\/bozicni-obicaji\/","title":{"rendered":"Bozic v\u00e1mok"},"content":{"rendered":"
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AZ \u00c9LET SZELLEME<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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DIVINE
\nL\u00c1TOGAT\u00c1S<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00dcdv\u00f6zlet a dics\u0151s\u00e9ges oszt\u00e1lyzatnak Istent\u0151l,
Te vagy a legmagasabb a fajt\u00e1dban,
Hercegg\u00e9 teszel minket,
Isus kedves D\u00e1vid sz\u00fclet\u00e9se,
M\u00e1ria puszt\u00e1n aj\u00e1nd\u00e9kk\u00e9nt hozza vil\u00e1gra \u0151t,
\u00c9s j\u00e1szolba tett\u00e9k egy szalmasz\u00e1lra.
Minden mad\u00e1r \u00e9nekli a dal\u00e1t,
De elvitt\u00e9k \u0151t a paradicsomb\u00f3l.
Aludj, aludj Isuse-unk a szalm\u00e1n,
A mennyben vagy felett\u00fcnk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Tov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k<\/span><\/a>\n\t\t\t
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\n\n \n <\/path>\n <\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tA Bozic-szalma a Bozic-\u00fcnneps\u00e9g egyik legfelismerhet\u0151bb szimb\u00f3luma. A Badnje ve\u010de i Bo\u017ei\u0107 feljegyzett hagyom\u00e1nyai k\u00f6z\u00fcl sokan k\u00f6t\u0151dnek a szalmasz\u00e1lhoz, amely J\u00e9zus Krisztus sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9nek helysz\u00edn\u00e9re vezet benn\u00fcnket.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Betlehem<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Az \u00e9homi vacsora \u00e9s a bozsoki jelleg \u00e9s m\u00e1s szok\u00e1sok, amelyek Krisztus kemenc\u00e9ben, szalm\u00e1n val\u00f3 sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9t jelzik. A \u201eVertep\u201c az ortodoxokn\u00e1l, a \u201ebetlehem\u201c vagy \u201ebetlem\u201c a katolikusokn\u00e1l \u00e9s a vajdas\u00e1gi g\u00f6r\u00f6gkatolikusokn\u00e1l Krisztus sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9nek gondolat\u00e1t jel\u00f6li, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb form\u00e1ban ismert. A Vajdas\u00e1g sz\u00e1mos v\u00e1ros\u00e1ban voltak ismert vertepa\u0161a (betlehemes) csoportok, akik a magyarnap est\u00e9j\u00e9n felkerest\u00e9k a h\u00e1zakat, \u00e9s el\u0151adt\u00e1k a Krisztus sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 sz\u00edndarabot. Ehhez vertep\u00e1t - egy templom makettj\u00e9t a Sz\u00fclet\u00e9s \u00e1br\u00e1zol\u00e1s\u00e1val - viseltek. A templom el\u0151tt gyakran gyerty\u00e1t gy\u00fajtottak.<\/p>

Ezek az esetek egy szerb, egy magyar, egy orosz \u00e9s egy rom\u00e1n \u00e1llampolg\u00e1r eset\u00e9ben ker\u00fcltek r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9sre. \u00dagy v\u00e9lik, hogy ezek a k\u00f6rmenetek a r\u00e9gi napt\u00e1ri k\u00f6rmenetek kereszt\u00e9nyes\u00edtett form\u00e1ik\u00e9nt keletkeztek. A vertepi dr\u00e1ma eredete m\u00e1r a 18. sz\u00e1zad els\u0151 fel\u00e9ben ismert volt, am\u00edg a m\u00e1sodik vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fa ut\u00e1n kezdett kihalni. Ipak, u mnogim mestima su sa\u010duvane vertepske povorke, a u nekim se i obnovnovnovlja ich ogranizovanje. A Vertepa\u0161a el\u0151tt m\u00e1s t\u00edpus\u00fa ritu\u00e1lis felvonul\u00e1sok is \u00e1lltak: csillagvizsg\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e9s korin\u0111a\u0161i - akik a konyha ritu\u00e1lis meggy\u00fajt\u00e1s\u00e1t v\u00e9gzik. Mindezen k\u00f6rmenetek k\u00f6telez\u0151 de\u00f3ja az \u00e9nekek voltak, amelyek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban Krisztus szalm\u00e1n val\u00f3 sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l eml\u00e9keztek meg.<\/p>

Vertepa\u0161i, Mihajlovo (magyar), szem 1950.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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A vertepe f\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt, pap\u00edrral bor\u00edtott \u00e9s mindkett\u0151. A falakat feh\u00e9rre meszelt\u00e9k, a harangtorony gerend\u00e1zat\u00e1t pedig feh\u00e9rre festett\u00e9k. A k\u00e9ttorny\u00fa templomot - a Srbobrani templom modellj\u00e9t - mutatj\u00e1k be nekik. A templombels\u0151ben Krisztus sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9t mutatj\u00e1k be.<\/p>

Srbobran (Ba\u010dka), szerbek, 1930. Inv.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Ritu\u00e1lis s\u00fctem\u00e9nyek<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A kar\u00e1csonyi szok\u00e1sokban k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges helyet foglalnak el a ritu\u00e1lis kol\u00e1csok. M\u00edg egyes helyeken egyetlen nagy kar\u00e1csonyi kal\u00e1cs k\u00e9sz\u00fcl, addig m\u00e1shol t\u00f6bb ritu\u00e1lis keny\u00e9r k\u00e9sz\u00fcl, mindegyiknek k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges form\u00e1ja, neve \u00e9s jellege van. A szakirodalom szerint a ritu\u00e1lis kenyereket kor\u00e1bban az utols\u00f3 arat\u00f3f\u00fcz\u00e9r gabon\u00e1j\u00e1b\u00f3l nyert zs\u00e1kbamacsk\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00edtett\u00e9k, \u00e9s Nyugat-Bosznia egyes r\u00e9szein az arat\u00f3koszor\u00fa vagy az utols\u00f3 k\u00e9v\u00e9k gabon\u00e1j\u00e1t Bozicig \u0151rizt\u00e9k, amikor is fokhagym\u00e1nak haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k. U osnov ovakvih obi\u010daja je verovanje u plodotvorno delovanja \u017eitnog demona, koje se magijskim radnjama nastojalo preneti na useve i na ritune hlebove, od kojih se o\u010dekivalo dzia\u0142a na plodnost.<\/p>\n

Kar\u00e1csonyi s\u00fctem\u00e9ny k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 gabonaf\u00e9l\u00e9kb\u0151l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt szemekkel.<\/p>\n

<\/gwmw><\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Kerek kar\u00e1csonyi torta figur\u00e1kkal \u00e9s t\u00e9sztad\u00edszekkel. K\u00f6z\u00e9pen egy \u201er\u00f3zsa\u201c feny\u0151maggal szeg\u00e9lyezett, k\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00f6tte n\u00e9gy mad\u00e1r, egy n\u00e9gyszer \u00f6sszenyomott pecs\u00e9t - a gyertya \u00e9s a haszn\u00e1lati mutat\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Plati\u010devo (Srem), szerbek, 1959. Inv. t\u00e9tel 3759.<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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B\u00faza al\u00e1szed\u0151<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Szent Varvara napj\u00e1n (az ortodoxokn\u00e1l) \u00e9s Szent Lucia napj\u00e1n (a katolikusokn\u00e1l) a tanjiri\u0107ba b\u00faz\u00e1t vetnek, amely eg\u00e9szen Bo\u017ei\u0107ig z\u00f6ldell. K\u00fcl\u00f6nleges helyet foglal el a Szent Vacsora \u00e9s a Bozic \u00fcnnep\u00e9n. A tanjiri\u0107a k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n van egy hely a gyerty\u00e1nak vagy az ezeken az alkalmakon \u00e9g\u0151 gyerty\u00e1nak. Ezt a b\u00faz\u00e1t leggyakrabban az \u00fcnnep ut\u00e1n a szarvasmarh\u00e1knak vagy a ny\u00e1jaknak adj\u00e1k, vagy pedig k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges m\u00f3don \u00e9getik el \u00e9s im\u00e1dj\u00e1k: el\u00e9getik \u00e9s nap alakban \u00f6sszepr\u00e9selik, \u00e9s egy t\u00e1l szentelt vizet tartanak rajta, amely a betegeken seg\u00edthet (inv. M\u00e1s szok\u00e1sok is ismertek, amelyeket ezen a napon v\u00e9geztek, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a varica - b\u00faza vagy b\u00faza f\u0151z\u00e9se a h\u00e1zban t\u00e1rolt m\u00e1s bili\u00e1rdszemekkel, a helyfekv\u00e9s \u00e9s m\u00e1sok.<\/p>

A s\u00fctem\u00e9ny nyers, k\u00f6t\u00f6tt \u00e9s pr\u00e9selt fiatal kar\u00e1csonyi b\u00faz\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fcl. A haj\u00e1t vulv\u00e1val k\u00f6tik \u00f6ssze. Hallgasd, hogyan \u00fcl a sz\u00e9lkakas, amelyben friss v\u00edz sz\u00fcrcs\u00f6l.<\/p>

Ba\u010dki Vinogradi (Ba\u010dka), Ma\u017eari, 1955. Inv. f\u00fczet 2055<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Poskurica<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A nagy kar\u00e1csonyi kal\u00e1csot leggyakrabban term\u00e9kenys\u00e9gi szimb\u00f3lumokkal d\u00edsz\u00edtik: a t\u00e9szt\u00e1t szimbolikusan levelekkel, gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6kkel \u00e9s asz\u00faval d\u00edsz\u00edtik. Gyakran haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a bosziljakat, orasi, crveni konac, gyerty\u00e1t. A Krisztus sz\u00fclet\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e1br\u00e1zol\u00f3 figur\u00e1kat k\u00e9s\u0151bb helyezik a tort\u00e1ra. A szerbekt\u0151l a kar\u00e1csonyi torta - poskurnici - ellop\u00e1s\u00e1hoz is pecs\u00e9teket haszn\u00e1lnak, a t\u00e9szt\u00e1ba nyomtatott IS HS NI KA (Isus Hristos fut el) felirattal. A szl\u00e1v torta \u00e9s a poskurica r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez is haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

A kamar\u00e1s pecs\u00e9tje finom f\u00e1b\u00f3l v\u00e1gott f\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt. A minta egy \u00f6sszecsukott kopors\u00f3. Alul n\u00e9gy n\u00e9gyzet alak\u00fa mez\u0151ben az IS X\u0421 NI \u041a\u0410 felirat olvashat\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Pe\u0107inci (Srem), szerbek, 1880 k\u00f6r\u00fcl. Inv. bros\u00fara 1923<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tA kancell\u00e1r pecs\u00e9tj\u00e9t egy fakardb\u00f3l faragt\u00e1k ki. A tetej\u00e9n egy torony alak\u00fa, profilozott oszlopra helyezett keresztel\u00e9s l\u00e1that\u00f3, az alj\u00e1n pedig n\u00e9gy n\u00e9gyzet alak\u00fa mez\u0151ben az IS XS NI KA felirat van kiv\u00e1gva.\n\nKraljevci (Srem), szerbek, 1933. Inv. t\u00e9tel 2539\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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A kancell\u00e1r pecs\u00e9tj\u00e9t egy fakardb\u00f3l faragt\u00e1k ki. A tetej\u00e9n egy torony alak\u00fa, profilozott oszlopra helyezett keresztel\u00e9s l\u00e1that\u00f3, az alj\u00e1n pedig n\u00e9gy n\u00e9gyzet alak\u00fa mez\u0151ben az IS XS NI KA felirat van kiv\u00e1gva.<\/p>\n

Kraljevci (Srem), szerbek, 1933. Inv. t\u00e9tel 2539<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Szalmafektet\u00e9s<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Est\u00e9nk\u00e9nt a konyh\u00e1ban szalm\u00e1t hagynak szalma n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. Ezt ritu\u00e1lisan a doma\u0107in vagy doma\u0107ica viszi mag\u00e1val, hogy szimbolikusan h\u00edvja \u00e9s igya meg a szalm\u00e1t. El\u0151sz\u00f6r egy sz\u00e9kre ter\u00edtett\u00e9k - rendezetlen\u00fcl, majd zs\u00e1kv\u00e1szonnal \u00e9s stolnjakkal letakart\u00e1k. Ranije se na Badnje ve\u010de jelo na poddu - na stlami. A szalm\u00e1t egy tiszta szob\u00e1ra ter\u00edtett\u00e9k, \u00e9s mindig aludtak rajta. Sok v\u00e1rosban szok\u00e1s volt, hogy vacsora ut\u00e1n az ev\u0151eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket \u00f6sszek\u00f6t\u00f6tt\u00e9k, \u00e9s \u00edgy hagyt\u00e1k \u00e9jszak\u00e1ra. Egyes szerb n\u0151k szalm\u00e1val sz\u00fcltek.<\/p>\n

Isten szalm\u00e1j\u00e1nak hordoz\u00e1sa a h\u00e1zban, Begec, 1959.<\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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\nA szalma leborul\u00e1sa a sz\u00e9kre, Bege\u010d, 1959.<\/p>\n

<\/gwmw><\/p>\n<\/gwmw>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>

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<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":72727,"template":"","vrsta":[24],"class_list":["post-72726","razstave","type-razstave","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","vrsta-duh-zita"],"yoast_head":"\nBo\u017eic\u0301ni obi\u010daji – Pokrajinski muzej Maribor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museum-mb.si\/hu\/kiallitasok\/isteni-latogatasok\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bo\u017eic\u0301ni obi\u010daji – Pokrajinski muzej Maribor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"DUH \u017dITA BO\u017dI\u0106NI OBI\u010cAJI Vitlejeme slavni grade od Boga,Najvi\u0161i si ti od grada svakoga,Jer iz tebe iza\u0111e nam vojvoda,Isus dragi Davidova poroda,Marija ga \u010dista djeva porodi,I u jasle na slamu ga polo\u017ei.Sve pti\u010dice njenu pesmu pevaju,A iz raja an\u0111eli ga ljuljaju.Spavaj, spavaj na\u0161 Isuse na slami,Jer caruje\u0161 na nebesi nad nami. 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